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How to Prepare Your Illustrations

Please adhere to the following guidelines when preparing your illustrations for submission.

General Guidelines for Preparing Illustrations:

• Number figures in the order in which they appear in text.

• Label all figure parts with (a), (b), etc. Avoid any large disparity in size of lettering and labels used within one illustration.

• All figures submitted should be in the final published size as they will appear in the PDF.

Width of figures should be a maximum of 32.5 pica (5 3/8 in. or 13.3 cm).

Maximum depth of figures should be 50 pica (8 1/4 in. or 21.1 cm).

Legends or labels within figures should be a minimum of 8-point type size (2.8 mm high; 1/8 in. high).

A minimum of 0.5 point width for lines.

• In cases where reduction is required, avoid small open symbols that tend to fill in and avoid small lettering; ensure that, in the final published illustration, there is a minimum of 8-point type size (2.8 mm high; 1/8 inch high) for lettering and 0.5-point width for lines.

• Ensure that lettering and lines are dark enough, and thick enough, to reproduce clearly, especially if reduction is necessary. Remember that fine lines tend to disappear upon reduction.

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Additional Guidelines for Preparation of Electronic Graphics Files:

• Acceptable formats: Encapsulated PostScript (.eps, using either Arial or Times Roman fonts) is preferred. PostScript (.ps), Tagged Image File Format (.tif, lzw compressed), or Portable Document Format (.pdf) are also acceptable. Application files (e.g., Corel Draw, Microsoft Word) are not acceptable.

• When submitting your manuscript, submit ALL illustrations for your paper, including line art.

• Make sure there is only ONE figure per file. Each figure file should contain all parts of the figure. For example, if Figure 1 contains three parts (a, b, c), then all parts should be combined in a single file for Figure 1.

• Set the correct orientation for each graphics file.

• Settings: Set the graphic for 600 dpi resolution for line art, 264 dpi for halftones, and 600 dpi for combinations (line art + halftone).

• Save line art as black/white bitmap, not grayscale.

• Save halftones and combinations as grayscale, not black/white bitmap.

• Submit color files at 300 dpi TIFF, PS, or EPS format. RGB (red, green, blue).

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Special Instructions for Creating a Production-Ready PDF Illustration:

For accepted manuscripts, PDF as the source file for illustrations is not preferred. However, properly prepared PDF illustration files may be used in the production process of your accepted manuscript if you adhere to the following guidelines:

• PDF should only be used as the source file for illustrations when the preferred formats (PS, EPS, or TIF) cannot be generated.

• In the PDF illustration, the resolution of any shaded or photographic images must be 600 pixels per inch (PPI).

• Within the PDF illustration, resolution of line art with no shading should be 1200 pixels per inch (PPI).

• All fonts must be embedded in the PDF.

• When creating a PDF through your application's print command, select "High Quality Print".

• Link to more detailed instructions here.

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•	Number figures in the order in which they appear in text.
•	Label all figure parts with (a), (b), etc. Avoid any large disparity in size of lettering and labels used within one illustration.
•	All figures submitted should be in the final published size as they will appear in the PDF. Width of figures should be a maximum of 32.5 pica (5 3/8 in. or 13.3 cm). Maximum depth of figures should be 50 pica (8 1/4 in. or 21.1 cm). Legends or labels within figures should be a minimum of 8-point type size (2.8 mm high; 1/8 in. high). A minimum of 0.5 point width for lines.
•	In cases where reduction is required, avoid small open symbols that tend to fill in and avoid small lettering; ensure that, in the final published illustration, there is a minimum of 8-point type size (2.8 mm high; 1/8 inch high) for lettering and 0.5-point width for lines.
•	Ensure that lettering and lines are dark enough, and thick enough, to reproduce clearly, especially if reduction is necessary. Remember that fine lines tend to disappear upon reduction.

•	Acceptable formats: Encapsulated PostScript (.eps, using either Arial or Times Roman fonts) is preferred. PostScript (.ps), Tagged Image File Format (.tif, lzw compressed), or Portable Document Format (.pdf) are also acceptable. Application files (e.g., Corel Draw, Microsoft Word) are not acceptable.
•	When submitting your manuscript, submit ALL illustrations for your paper, including line art.
•	Make sure there is only ONE figure per file. Each figure file should contain all parts of the figure. For example, if Figure 1 contains three parts (a, b, c), then all parts should be combined in a single file for Figure 1.
•	Set the correct orientation for each graphics file.
•	Settings: Set the graphic for 600 dpi resolution for line art, 264 dpi for halftones, and 600 dpi for combinations (line art + halftone).
•	Save line art as black/white bitmap, not grayscale.
•	Save halftones and combinations as grayscale, not black/white bitmap.
•	Submit color files at 300 dpi TIFF, PS, or EPS format. RGB (red, green, blue).

•	PDF should only be used as the source file for illustrations when the preferred formats (PS, EPS, or TIF) cannot be generated.
•	In the PDF illustration, the resolution of any shaded or photographic images must be 600 pixels per inch (PPI).
•	Within the PDF illustration, resolution of line art with no shading should be 1200 pixels per inch (PPI).
•	All fonts must be embedded in the PDF.
•	When creating a PDF through your application's print command, select "High Quality Print".
•	Link to more detailed instructions here.

How to Prepare Your Illustrations

General Guidelines for Preparing Illustrations:

Additional Guidelines for Preparation of Electronic Graphics Files:

Special Instructions for Creating a Production-Ready PDF Illustration:

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